Hydrometer:

Hydrometer is an instrument that is used for determining the specific gravity of a liquid. A hydrometer consist of a thin glass or plastic tube which is sealed at both ends with a printed scale calibrated to a specific gravity. The tube is in shape of a bulb at one end that is weighted with heavy material like fine lead shot or steel shot.
The instrument float upright in a liquid because of these heavy material. The liquid being measured are filled inside a second glass or plastic cylinder known as hydrometer jar. The hydrometer is placed inside the hydrometer jar containing the sample liquid to measure the specific gravity of the liquid. When the level of the sample liquid in the jar aligns with a point on the hydrometer scale, it indicate the specific gravity of the liquid that is present inside. The distilled water equals 1.000, the initial point of measurement in the specific gravity scale. Liquids those are lighter than water are scaled below 1.000 specific gravity, where as liquids those are heavier than water are scaled above 1.000 specific gravity.
Scales on a hydrometer can also calibrate Baume, Brix, Alcohol, API (American Petroleum Institute Index) and others for specific chemicals.

• A hydrometer calibrated to read in degrees of Brix or the percentage of pure sucrose by weight is known as Brix Scale.
• A hydrometer calibrated to read degrees of Baume, which is a pair of scales is known as Baume Scale. The pair of scales indicate both liquids heavier than water and liquids lighter than water.
• The difference in readings of the specific gravity before and after a liquid ferments is referenced to an alcohol scale which determine the percent of alcohol by weight.
• A comparison between densities of petroleum liquids can be done by using API scale that measures how light or heavy a petroleum-based liquid is compared to water.

Types of Hydrometer:

There are three types of hydrometer available to measure the specific gravity of a liquid along with Baume, Brix, Alcohol, API (American Petroleum Institute Index) and others for specific chemicals. These include:

Triple Scale Hydrometer:

The most commonly used hydrometer is Triple Scale Hydrometer which is also the least expensive among all hydrometer. It is used to measures specific gravity, Brix/Balling scale, and potential alcohol. A wider range of specific gravity ranging from 0.00 to 1.170 can be measured using this hydrometer. So one size fits most batches. However, the readings may be not that much accurate as the device can measure a larger range of numbers.

Thermohydrometer:

The thermohydrometer is use to measure specific gravity and temperature. As the thermometer calibrations can vary by device, there is always a risk of accurate readings if you are not using the same one each time you test. However the thermometer built in ensures your temperature is consistent. The major benefit of this device is that you are getting two instruments in one.

Precision Hydrometer:

As accuracy is the most important thing in a hydrometer we need to consider on three main factors that it depends on. These include:

Cleanliness:

Cleanliness of the hydrometer, hydrometer jar and the liquid in which the readings are taken is very important. The surface of the hydrometer and the stem should be cleaned properly so that the liquid can rise uniformly.

Temperature:

The temperature of hydrometer and liquid should be the as of the surrounding atmosphere so that it will prevent any changes in density during the testing.

Proper Immersion:

The inside diameter of the hydrometer jar should be approximately one inch greater than the outside diameter of the hydrometer to have proper immersion.

Enquire for Hydrometer Suppliers Anywhere In India

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